Basic Process Variables

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The heating rate in ultrasonic welding is the product of the loss modulus of the material, frequency, clamp force, and the square of amplitude. Loss modulus is the ability of the material to convert repetitive variation in compressive load into … Continued

Amplitude and Gain

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Amplitude can also be controlled by varying the shape of the acoustical tooling components. The basic unit of ultrasonic tooling, the horn, sonotrode, or coupling bar, is in its simplest form when it is a cylinder of metal, typically aluminum, … Continued